Is there a Relationship between the Elongational Viscosity and the First Normal Stress Difference in Polymer Solutions?

TL;DR

This study explores the relationship between elongational viscosity and the first normal stress difference in polymer solutions, revealing a quadratic dependence and proposing a model to explain it.

Contribution

It demonstrates a correlation between elongational viscosity and the first normal stress difference, supported by experimental data and a theoretical model.

Findings

First normal stress coefficient depends quadratically on CaBER relaxation time.

Experimental data shows correlation between shear and elongational flow properties.

A simple model explains the quadratic relationship.

Abstract

We investigate a variety of different polymer solutions in shear and elongational flow. The shear flow is created in the cone-plate-geometry of a commercial rheometer. We use capillary thinning of a filament that is formed by a polymer solution in the Capillary Breakup Extensional Rheometer (CaBER) as an elongational flow. We compare the relaxation time and the elongational viscosity measured in the CaBER with the first normal stress difference and the relaxation time that we measured in our rheometer. All of these four quantities depend on different fluid parameters - the viscosity of the polymer solution, the polymer concentration within the solution, and the molecular weight of the polymers - and on the shear rate (in the shear flow measurements). Nevertheless, we find that the first normal stress coefficient depends quadratically on the CaBER relaxation time. A simple model is presented that explains this relation.