Transmission and Reflection of Collective Modes in Spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensate

TL;DR

This paper investigates how collective excitations in spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates transmit or reflect when tunneling, revealing that most modes transmit fully in the long wavelength limit except the quadrupolar spin mode, which reflects entirely.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of tunneling properties of collective modes in spin-1 BECs, highlighting the role of wavefunction correspondence in transmission behavior.

Findings

Total transmission occurs for all excitations except the quadrupolar spin mode in ferromagnetic states.

The quadrupolar spin mode exhibits total reflection in the long wavelength limit.

Transmission properties depend on the wavefunction correspondence with the condensate.

Abstract

We study tunneling properties of collective excitations in spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates. In the absence of magnetic fields, the total transmission in the long wavelength limit occurs in all kinds of excitations but the quadrupolar spin mode in the ferromagnetic state. The quadrupolar spin mode alone shows the total reflection. A difference between those excitations comes from whether the wavefunction of an excitation corresponds to that of the condensate in the long wavelength limit. The correspondence results in the total transmission as in the spinless BEC.