Fast and flexible selection with a single switch

TL;DR

The paper introduces Nomon, a flexible single-switch selection method that adapts to user clicking ability, enabling efficient selection of arbitrary screen points for applications like writing and drawing, outperforming traditional scanning methods.

Contribution

We present Nomon, a novel single-switch selection system that allows direct, flexible, and efficient selection of any screen point, improving speed and accuracy over existing methods.

Findings

Novice users wrote 35% faster with Nomon than with scanning.

An experienced user achieved 9.3 words per minute with no errors.

Nomon adapts automatically to individual clicking abilities.

Abstract

Selection methods that require only a single-switch input, such as a button click or blink, are potentially useful for individuals with motor impairments, mobile technology users, and individuals wishing to transmit information securely. We present a single-switch selection method, "Nomon," that is general and efficient. Existing single-switch selection methods require selectable options to be arranged in ways that limit potential applications. By contrast, traditional operating systems, web browsers, and free-form applications (such as drawing) place options at arbitrary points on the screen. Nomon, however, has the flexibility to select any point on a screen. Nomon adapts automatically to an individual's clicking ability; it allows a person who clicks precisely to make a selection quickly and allows a person who clicks imprecisely more time to make a selection without error. Nomon reaps gains in information rate by allowing the specification of beliefs (priors) about option selection probabilities and by avoiding tree-based selection schemes in favor of direct (posterior) inference. We have developed both a Nomon-based writing application and a drawing application. To evaluate Nomon's performance, we compared the writing application with a popular existing method for single-switch writing (row-column scanning). Novice users wrote 35% faster with the Nomon interface than with the scanning interface. An experienced user (author TB, with > 10 hours practice) wrote at speeds of 9.3 words per minute with Nomon, using 1.2 clicks per character and making no errors in the final text.