Wind-driving protostellar accretion discs. I. Formulation and parameter constraints

TL;DR

This paper develops a comprehensive model for weakly ionized protostellar accretion discs with magnetic fields and winds, exploring various magnetic diffusivity regimes and their impact on disc dynamics and angular momentum transport.

Contribution

It generalizes previous models to include Hall and Ohm regimes, providing a unified formulation and identifying parameter constraints for physically viable disc solutions.

Findings

Identifies four Hall sub-regimes and three Ohm sub-regimes with distinct magnetic diffusion characteristics.

Disc solutions require neutral-ion momentum exchange times shorter than the orbital period.

Vertical magnetic squeezing dominates over gravitational effects in the modeled discs.

Abstract

We study a model of weakly ionized, protostellar accretion discs that are threaded by a large-scale, ordered magnetic field and power a centrifugally driven wind. We consider the limiting case where the wind is the main repository of the excess disc angular momentum and generalize the radially localized disc model of Wardle & K\"onigl (1993), which focussed on the ambipolar diffusion regime, to other field diffusivity regimes, notably Hall and Ohm. We present a general formulation of the problem for nearly Keplerian, vertically isothermal discs using both the conductivity-tensor and the multi-fluid approaches and simplify it to a normalized system of ordinary differential equations in the vertical space coordinate. We determine the relevant parameters of the problem and investigate, using the vertical-hydrostatic-equilibrium approximation and other simplifications, the parameter constraints on physically viable solutions for discs in which the neutral particles are dynamically well coupled to the field already at the midplane. When the charged particles constitute a two-component ion--electron plasma one can identify four distinct sub-regimes in the parameter domain where the Hall diffusivity dominates and three sub-regimes in the Ohm-dominated domain. Two of the Hall sub-regimes can be characterized as being ambipolar diffusion-like and two as being Ohm-like. When the two-component plasma consists instead of positively and negatively charged grains of equal mass, the entire Hall domain and one of the Ohm sub-regimes disappear. In all viable solutions the midplane neutral--ion momentum exchange time is shorter than the local orbital time. Vertical magnetic squeezing always dominates over gravitational tidal compression in this model. (Abridged)