Yukawa Couplings and Quark and Lepton Masses in an SO(10) Model with a Unified Higgs Sector

TL;DR

This paper presents an analytic study of Yukawa couplings and fermion masses within an SO(10) grand unified model featuring a unified Higgs sector, highlighting mechanisms for mass generation and unification consistent with experimental data.

Contribution

It introduces a novel SO(10) model with a single Higgs multiplet that naturally generates fermion masses and neutrino masses, extending previous work with larger third-generation masses.

Findings

Larger third-generation fermion masses from mixing with matter multiplets.

Possible $b- au-t$ unification at low $ aneta$ values.

Neutrino masses compatible with See Saw mechanism.

Abstract

An analytic computation is given of the generation of Yukawa couplings and of the quark, charged lepton and neutrino masses in the framework of an SO(10) model with a unified Higgs sector consisting of a single pair of vector-spinor $144 + \overline{144}$ of Higgs multiplets. This unified Higgs sector allows for a breaking of SO(10) to the gauge group $SU(3)\times SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y$ and contains light Higgs doublets allowing for the breaking of the electroweak symmetry. Fermion mass generation in this model typically arises from quartic couplings $16\cdot 16\cdot 144\cdot 144$ and $16\cdot 16\cdot \overline{144}\cdot \overline{144}$. Extending a previous work it is shown that much larger third generation masses can arise for all the fermions from mixing with 45 and 120 matter multiplets via the cubic couplings $16\cdot45\cdot\overline{144}$ and $16\cdot120\cdot144$. Further it is found that values of $\tan\beta$ as low as 10 can allow for a $b-\tau-t$ unification consistent with current data. The quartic and cubic couplings naturally lead to Dirac as well as Majorana neutrino masses necessary for the generation of See Saw neutrino masses.