Formation, Dynamical Evolution, and Habitability of Planets in Binary Star Systems

TL;DR

This paper reviews the formation, evolution, and habitability of planets in binary star systems, emphasizing recent research, dynamical complexities, and the potential for water delivery, highlighting the importance of understanding these environments.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of models and studies on planet formation and habitability in binary star systems, integrating recent findings and emphasizing their dynamical characteristics.

Findings

Binary systems host about 25% of known exoplanets.

Diverse dynamical behaviors are observed in planets around binary stars.

Water and volatiles delivery mechanisms are discussed for habitability.

Abstract

A survey of currently known planet-hosting stars indicates that approximately 25% of extrasolar planetary systems are within dual-star environments. Several of these systems contain stellar companions on moderately close orbits, implying that studies of the formation and dynamical evolution of giant and terrestrial planets, in and around binary star systems have now found realistic grounds. With the recent launch of the space telescope CoRoT, and the launch of NASA's Kepler satellite in 2009, the number of such dynamically complex systems will soon increase and many more of their diverse and interesting dynamical characteristics will soon be discovered. It is therefore, both timely and necessary, to obtain a deep understanding of the history and current status of research on planets in binary star systems. This chapter will serve this purpose by reviewing the models of the formation of giant and terrestrial planets in dual-star environments, and by presenting results of the studies of their dynamical evolution and habitability, as well as the mechanisms of delivery of water and other volatiles to their terrestrial-class objects. In this chapter, the reader is presented with a comprehensive, yet relatively less technical approach to the study of planets in and around binary stars, and with discussions on the differences between dynamical characteristics of these systems and planetary systems around single stars.