Bose-Einstein condensation of trapped polaritons in 2D electron-hole systems in a high magnetic field

TL;DR

This paper predicts Bose-Einstein condensation of magnetoexcitonic polaritons in 2D electron-hole systems within microcavities under high magnetic fields, analyzing effects in graphene and quantum wells with potential trapping mechanisms.

Contribution

It introduces a theoretical model for BEC of magnetoexcitonic polaritons in 2D systems under high magnetic fields, including effective Hamiltonian and temperature dependencies, with control of Rabi splitting in graphene.

Findings

Effective polariton mass increases with magnetic field as B^{1/2}.

BEC critical temperature decreases as B^{-1/4}.

Rabi splitting in graphene can be tuned by magnetic field.

Abstract

The Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of magnetoexcitonic polaritons in two-dimensional (2D) electron-hole system embedded in a semiconductor microcavity in a high magnetic field $B$ is predicted. There are two physical realizations of 2D electron-hole system under consideration: a graphene layer and quantum well (QW). A 2D gas of magnetoexcitonic polaritons is considered in a planar harmonic potential trap. Two possible physical realizations of this trapping potential are assumed: inhomogeneous local stress or harmonic electric field potential applied to excitons and a parabolic shape of the semiconductor cavity causing the trapping of microcavity photons. The effective Hamiltonian of the ideal gas of cavity polaritons in a QW and graphene in a high magnetic field and the BEC temperature as functions of magnetic field are obtained. It is shown that the effective polariton mass $M_{\rm eff}$ increases with magnetic field as $B^{1/2}$. The BEC critical temperature $T_{c}^{(0)}$ decreases as $B^{-1/4}$ and increases with the spring constant of the parabolic trap. The Rabi splitting related to the creation of a magnetoexciton in a high magnetic field in graphene and QW is obtained. It is shown that Rabi splitting in graphene can be controlled by the external magnetic field since it is proportional to $B^{-1/4}$, while in a QW the Rabi splitting does not depend on the magnetic field when it is strong.