Double Degenerate Stars

TL;DR

This paper introduces the concept of Double Degenerate Stars (DDS), exotic objects composed of baryonic matter and unknown fermion dark matter, exploring their structure, stability, and potential observational phenomena, including implications for supernovae and cosmology.

Contribution

It proposes a new class of exotic stars, DDS, and investigates how unknown fermion dark matter influences their properties and observational signatures, differing from traditional white dwarfs.

Findings

DDS can undergo thermonuclear explosions similar to Type Ia supernovae.

The maximum mass of DDS can be lower than Chandrasekhar limit, affecting luminosity.

DDS may impact the use of supernovae as standard candles in cosmology.

Abstract

Regardless of the formation mechanism, an exotic object, Double Degenerate Star (DDS), is introduced and investigated, which is composed of baryonic matter and some unknown fermion dark matter. Different from the simple White Dwarfs (WDs), there are additional gravitational force provided by the unknown fermion component inside DDSs, which may strongly affect the structure and the stability of such kind of objects. Many possible and strange observational phenomena connecting with them are concisely discussed. Similar to the normal WD, this object can also experience thermonuclear explosion as type Ia supernova explosion when DDS's mass exceeds the maximum mass that can be supported by electron degeneracy pressure. However, since the total mass of baryonic matter can be much lower than that of WD at Chandrasekhar mass limit, the peak luminosity should be much dimmer than what we expect before, which may throw a slight shadow on the standard candle of SNIa in the research of cosmology.