Stability and the equation of state for kinky vortons

TL;DR

This paper derives an exact equation of state for kinky vortons, enabling precise analysis of their stability and properties, and confirms predictions through field simulations, advancing understanding of superconducting string loops.

Contribution

It provides the first exact formula for the equation of state of kinky vortons, facilitating detailed stability and property analysis within the elastic string approximation.

Findings

Derived an exact formula for the kinky vorton equation of state

Predicted complex instability patterns in elastic string models

Confirmed instability intervals with full field simulations

Abstract

Vortons are closed loops of superconducting strings carrying current and charge. A formalism has been developed to study vortons in terms of an elastic string approximation, but its implementation requires knowledge of the unknown equation of state, relating the string tension to the energy per unit length. Recently, a planar analogue of the vorton, known as a kinky vorton, has been introduced. In this paper we derive an exact formula for the equation of state of a kinky vorton and use it to calculate the properties of the associated elastic string, such as the transverse and longitudinal propagation speeds. In particular, the elastic string approximation predicts a complicated and highly non-trivial pattern of intervals of instability, which we are able to confirm using full field simulations. The implications of the results for vortons are also discussed.