BDM Dark Matter: CDM with a core profile and a free streaming scale

TL;DR

The paper introduces BDM, a dark matter model combining hot and cold behaviors with a phase transition scale, predicting a free streaming length and core radius that address CDM issues and are derivable from particle physics.

Contribution

The paper proposes a novel hybrid dark matter model with a phase transition scale, linking astrophysical predictions to particle physics mechanisms.

Findings

BDM predicts a non-zero free streaming length and core radius.

The model addresses CDM substructure overabundance issues.

E_c is related to particle physics phase transition energy.

Abstract

We present a new dark matter model BDM which is an hybrid between hot dark matter HDM and cold dark matter CDM, in which the BDM particles behave as HDM above the energy scale E_c and as CDM below this scale. Evolution of structure formation is similar to that of CDM model but BDM predicts a nonvanishing free streaming l_fs scale and a inner galaxy core radius r_core, both quantities determined in terms of a single parameter E_c, which corresponds to the phase transition energy scale of the subjacent elementary particle model. For energies above E_c or for a scale factor a smaller then a_c, with a<a_c<a_{eq}, the particles are massless and rho redshifts as radiation. However, once the energy becomes E\leq E_c or a>a_c then the BDM particles acquire a large mass through a non perturbative mechanism, as baryons do, and rho redshifts as matter with the particles having a vanishing velocity. Typical energies are E_c=O(10-100) eV giving a l_fs \propto E_c^{-4/3}\lesssim Mpc and m_fs\propto E_c^{-4}\lesssim 10^9 M\odot. A l_fs\neq 0, r_core\neq 0 help to resolve some of the shortcomings of CDM such as overabundance substructure in CDM halos and numerical fit to rotation curves in dwarf spheroidal and LSB galaxies. Finally, our BDM model and the phase transition scale E_c can be derived from particle physics.