Energy-momentum Density of Gravitational Waves

TL;DR

This paper calculates energy and momentum densities of gravitational waves in general relativity using Bergmann, Tolman, Einstein, and Papapetrou prescriptions, showing consistent finite results across methods.

Contribution

It extends previous work by applying multiple energy-momentum prescriptions to gravitational waves, demonstrating their equivalence and finiteness.

Findings

Energy-momentum densities are finite and consistent across prescriptions.

Tolman prescription yields results identical to Einstein and Papapetrou.

The study clarifies the energy-momentum distribution in gravitational waves.

Abstract

In this paper, we elaborate the problem of energy-momentum in general relativity by energy-momentum prescriptions theory. Our aim is to calculate energy and momentum densities for the general form of gravitational waves. In this connection, we have extended the previous works by using the prescriptions of Bergmann and Tolman. It is shown that they are finite and reasonable. In addition, using Tolman prescription, exactly, leads to same results that have been obtained by Einstein and Papapetrou prescriptions.