Flavor symmetries, leptogenesis and the absolute neutrino mass scale

TL;DR

This paper explores how flavor symmetries influence leptogenesis and neutrino masses, showing that certain symmetry conditions suppress CP asymmetries and constraining neutrino mass parameters, leading to predictive models consistent with observed matter-antimatter asymmetry.

Contribution

It demonstrates the impact of flavor symmetries on leptogenesis CP asymmetries and derives neutrino mass constraints within an $A_4$ symmetry framework, providing a predictive scenario for matter-antimatter asymmetry.

Findings

Leptogenesis CP asymmetries vanish for irreducible flavor representations in exact symmetry.

Neutrino mass predictions are tightly constrained, with specific ranges for normal and inverted orderings.

Successful leptogenesis can be achieved with natural parameters, especially in the normal ordering case.

Abstract

We study the interplay between flavor symmetries and leptogenesis in the case when the scale of flavor symmetry breaking is higher than the scale at which lepton number is violated. We show that when the heavy Majorana neutrinos belong to an irreducible representation of the flavor group, all the leptogenesis CP asymmetries vanish in the limit of exact symmetry. In the case of reducible representations we identify a general condition that, if satisfied, guarantees the same result. We then focus on the case of a model in which an $A_4$ flavor symmetry yields a drastic reduction in the number of free parameters, implying that at leading order several quantities are only a function of the lightest neutrino mass $m_l$, which in turn is strongly constrained. For normal ordering (NO) we find m_l\simeq (0.0044 \div 0.0056) eV while for inverted ordering (IO) m_l\gtrsim 0.017 eV. For the 0\nu2\beta decay parameter this yields |m_{ee}|\simeq (0.006\div 0.007) eV (NO) and |m_{ee}|\gsim 0.017 eV (IO). We show that the leptogenesis CP asymmetries only depend on m_l, on a single non-hierarchical Yukawa coupling y, and on two parameters that quantify the flavor symmetry breaking effects, and we argue that the unflavored regime for leptogenesis is strongly preferred in our model, thus realizing a rather predictive scenario. Performing a calculation of the matter-antimatter asymmetry we find that for NO the observed value is easily reproduced for natural values of the symmetry breaking parameters. For IO successful leptogenesis is possible for a limited choice of the parameters implying rather large reheating temperatures T_reh\gtrsim 5*10^13 GeV.