A longitudinal study of student conceptual understanding in Electricity and Magnetism

TL;DR

This longitudinal study shows that implementing Tutorials in introductory physics courses has a lasting positive effect on students' conceptual understanding of Electricity and Magnetism, as measured by BEMA scores over several years.

Contribution

It provides evidence that freshman Tutorials improve long-term conceptual understanding in E&M, compared to traditional instruction.

Findings

Tutorial students scored higher on BEMA after upper-division courses.

Individual BEMA scores did not significantly change over time.

Tutorials have a lasting impact on conceptual understanding.

Abstract

We have investigated the long-term effect of student-centered instruction at the freshman level on juniors' performance on a conceptual survey of Electricity and Magnetism (E&M). We measured student performance on a research-based conceptual instrument -- the Brief Electricity & Magnetism Assessment (BEMA) -- over a period of 8 semesters (2004-2007). Concurrently, we introduced the University of Washington's Tutorials in Introductory Physics as part of our standard freshman curriculum. Freshmen took the BEMA before and after this Tutorial-based introductory course, and juniors took it after completion of their traditional junior-level E&M I and E&M II courses. We find that, on average, individual BEMA scores do not change significantly after completion of the introductory course - neither from the freshman to the junior year, nor from upper-division E&M I to E&M II. However, we find that juniors who had completed a non-Tutorial freshman course scored significantly lower on the (post upper-division) BEMA than those who had completed the reformed freshman course - indicating a long-term positive impact of freshman Tutorials on conceptual understanding.