Quantum key distribution in terms of the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state: multi-key generation

TL;DR

This paper proposes a quantum key distribution protocol using GHZ states that allows multiple users to generate multiple keys simultaneously, enhancing flexibility and security in quantum communication.

Contribution

It introduces a multi-key quantum distribution protocol based on GHZ states with eavesdropper detection, generalizable to N users, improving security and efficiency.

Findings

Allows three keys to be generated simultaneously from GHZ states

Includes two-level eavesdropper checking mechanism

Protocol can be extended to N users for N keys

Abstract

In this paper, we develop a quantum key distribution protocol based on the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states (GHZs). The particles are exchanged among the users in blocks through two steps. In this protocol, for three-particle GHZs three keys can be simultaneously generated. The advantage of this is that the users can select the most suitable key for communication. The protocol can be generalized to $N$ users to provide $N$ keys. The protocol has two levels for checking the eavesdroppers. Moreover, we discuss the security of the protocol against different attacks.