In how many ways can quantum information be split ?

TL;DR

This paper analyzes how quantum information can be distributed among multiple parties using entangled states, introducing a measure of channel efficiency and protocol design for optimal resource use.

Contribution

It provides a theoretical framework for quantifying quantum information splitting and introduces the concept of splitting efficiency for entangled channels.

Findings

Quantifies the ways an n-qubit state can be split among k participants.

Defines a splitting efficiency metric for entangled quantum channels.

Proposes a resource-efficient quantum information splitting protocol.

Abstract

We establish a theoretical understanding of the entanglement properties of a physical system that mediates a quantum information splitting protocol. We quantify the different ways in which an arbitrary $n$ qubit state can be split among a set of $k$ participants using a $N$ qubit entangled channel, such that the original information can be completely reconstructed only if all the participants cooperate. Based on this quantification, we show how to design a quantum protocol with minimal resources and define the splitting efficiency of a quantum channel which provides a way of characterizing entangled states based on their usefulness for such quantum networking protocols.