Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state protocols for fully connected qubit networks

TL;DR

This paper extends GHZ state protocols to fully connected qubit networks with anisotropic Heisenberg interactions, analyzing fidelity under coupling imperfections through numerical simulations for small networks.

Contribution

It generalizes GHZ protocols to fully connected qubit networks with uniform couplings and analyzes fidelity degradation due to imperfections.

Findings

Optimal fidelity occurs with initial uniform superposition state.

Adjusting entangling time and final rotations improves fidelity.

Fidelity decreases with coupling imperfections, but can be mitigated.

Abstract

We generalize the recently proposed Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) tripartite protocol [A. Galiautdinov, J. M. Martinis, Phys. Rev. A 78, 010305(R) (2008)] to fully connected networks of weakly coupled qubits interacting by way of anisotropic Heisenberg exchange g(XX+YY)+g1*ZZ. Our model adopted here differs from the more familiar Ising-Heisenberg chain in that here every qubit interacts with every other qubit in the circuit. The assumption of identical couplings on all qubit pairs allows an elegant proof of the protocol for arbitrary N. In order to further make contact with experiment, we study fidelity degradation due to coupling imperfections by numerically simulating the N=3 and N=4 cases. Our simulations indicate that the best fidelity at unequal couplings is achieved when (a) the system is initially prepared in the uniform superposition state (similarly to how it is done in the ideal case), and (b) the entangling time and the final rotations on each of the qubits are appropriately adjusted.