The likelihood for supernova neutrino analyses

TL;DR

This paper develops a comprehensive likelihood framework for analyzing supernova neutrino data, incorporating energy, time, and direction, and clarifies previous inconsistencies, demonstrated on SN1987A data.

Contribution

It introduces a complete event-by-event likelihood method for supernova neutrino analysis, resolving prior discrepancies and enhancing data interpretation.

Findings

Derived a detailed likelihood function for supernova neutrino events.

Applied the method to SN1987A data, resolving previous inconsistencies.

Demonstrated improved analysis accuracy for supernova neutrino observations.

Abstract

We derive the event-by-event likelihood that allows to extract the complete information contained in the energy, time and direction of supernova neutrinos, and specify it in the case of SN1987A data. We resolve discrepancies in the previous literature, numerically relevant already in the concrete case of SN1987A data.