Statistical Mechanical Theory of a Closed Oscillating Universe

TL;DR

This paper develops a statistical mechanical framework for a closed oscillating universe, linking its dynamics to entropy production and suggesting that time is an emergent property related to entropy changes.

Contribution

It introduces a novel theory connecting Hamiltonian dynamics and statistical mechanics to model a closed oscillating universe with entropy-driven time.

Findings

Universe behaves as a free entropic oscillator

Time duration varies with entropy state

Entropy production relates to mass and space curvature

Abstract

Based on Newton's laws reformulated in the Hamiltonian dynamics combined with statistical mechanics, we formulate a statistical mechanical theory supporting the hypothesis of a closed oscillating universe. We find that the behaviour of the universe as a whole can be represented by a free entropic oscillator whose lifespan is nonhomogeneous, thus implying that time is shorter or longer according to the state of the universe itself given through its entropy. We conclude that time reduces to the entropy production of the universe and that a nonzero entropy production means that local fluctuations could exist giving rise to the appearance of masses and to the curvature of the space.