Effect of the open roof on low frequency acoustic propagation in street canyons

TL;DR

This study investigates how open roofs affect low-frequency sound propagation in urban street canyons using experimental, numerical, and analytical methods, revealing the importance of leaky modes at higher frequencies.

Contribution

It introduces a combined experimental, numerical, and analytical approach to model acoustic propagation in open-roof street canyons, emphasizing the role of leaky modes at higher frequencies.

Findings

Good agreement between methods up to 100 Hz

Analytical and numerical models effectively simulate street acoustics

Leakage causes non-uniform mode distribution at higher frequencies

Abstract

This paper presents an experimental, numerical and analytical study of the effect of open roof on acoustic propagation along a 3D urban canyon. The experimental study is led by means of a street scale model. The numerical results are performed with a 2D Finite Difference in Time Domain approach adapted to take into account the acoustic radiation losses due to the street open roof. An analytical model, based on the modal decomposition of the pressure field in a horizontal plane mixed with a 2D image sources model to describe the attenuation along the street, is also proposed. Results are given for several frequencies in the low frequency domain (1000-2500 Hz). The comparison of the three approaches shows a good agreement until f=100 Hz at full scale, the analytical model and the 2D numerical simulation adapted to 3D permit to modelize the acoustic propagation along a street. For higher frequency, experimental results show that the leakeage, due to the street open roof, is not anymore uniformly distributed on all modes of the street. The notion of leaky modes must be introduced to modelize the acoustic propagation in a street canyon.