ANTARES and other Neutrino Telescopes in the Northern Hemisphere

TL;DR

This paper reviews the development and results of high-energy neutrino telescopes in the Northern Hemisphere, focusing on the Antares project and ongoing R&D for larger detectors in the Mediterranean Sea.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of the current status, achievements, and future plans of neutrino telescopes in the Northern Hemisphere, highlighting the Antares detector.

Findings

Antares completed a 12-line array with ~900 photomultipliers.

Operational results from Baikal and Antares demonstrate neutrino detection capabilities.

Ongoing R&D aims to build larger volume neutrino telescopes in the Mediterranean.

Abstract

Several projects are concentrating their efforts on opening the high energy neutrino window on the Universe with km-scale detectors. The detection principle relies on the observation, using photomultipliers, of the Cherenkov light emitted by charged leptons induced by neutrino interactions in the surrounding detector medium. In the Northern hemisphere, while the pioneering Baikal telescope, has been operating for 10 years, most of the activity now concentrates in the Mediterranean sea. Recently, the Antares collaboration has completed the construction of a 12 line array comprising ~ 900 photomultipliers. In this paper we will review the main results achieved with the detectors currently in operation in the Northern hemisphere, as well as the R&D efforts towards the construction of a large volume neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean.