Quantum phase transition of the 103mRh spin-density wave

TL;DR

This paper reports the induction of a quantum phase transition in 103mRh nuclear excitations, demonstrating phenomena like Bose-Einstein condensation and superfluidity through experimental observations of spin-density waves and quantization effects.

Contribution

It presents the first experimental evidence of a quantum phase transition and superfluid-like behavior in nuclear spin-density waves of 103mRh.

Findings

Observation of a quantum phase transition at a critical density.

Detection of Bose-Einstein condensation in nuclear excitations.

Evidence of superfluidity via Onsager-Feynman quantization.

Abstract

We induce a quantum phase transition of the 103mRh excitation at the critical density of 10^{12} cm^{-3} by bremsstrahlung pumping at 300 K. A massive 103mRh spin-density wave carrying a spin current moves on the identical 103Rh matrix like a quantum fluid. The collapse-and-revival spectral evolution indicates that the collective nuclear excitation undergoes dynamic Bose-Einstein condensation. Applying an external magnetic field, we observe the Onsager-Feynman quantization, which gives further evidence of the superfluidic phase.