Threshold non-linear absorption in Zeeman transitions

TL;DR

This paper investigates a novel threshold non-linear absorption phenomenon in Zeeman transitions of rubidium atoms, revealing an abrupt absorption onset linked to off-resonant interactions, supported by experimental and theoretical analysis.

Contribution

It reports the first observation of threshold non-linear absorption in Zeeman transitions with a detailed experimental and theoretical study of the phenomenon.

Findings

Discovery of sub-natural absorption resonance with abrupt onset.

Qualitative agreement between experiment and four-level system model.

Threshold absorption caused by off-resonant interactions with hyperfine levels.

Abstract

We experimentally study the absorption spectroscopy from a collection of gaseous $^87 Rb$ atoms at room temperature irradiated with three fields. Two of these fields are in a pump probe saturation absorption configuration. The third field co-propagates with the pump field. The three fields address Zeeman degenerate transitions between hyperfine levels $5S_{1/2}, F = 1$ and $5P_{3/2}, F = 0$ and also between $5S_{1/2}, F = 1$ and $5P_{3/2}, F =1$ around the D2 line. We find a sub-natural absorption resonance in the counter-propagating probe field. The novel feature of this absorption is its abrupt onset in the vicinity of $5P_{3/2}, F = 0$, as the laser frequency is scanned from $5P_{3/2}, F = 0$ to $5P_{3/2}, F =1$. The experimental results are compared with the theory modeled after a four level system. There is a qualitative agreement between our theory and experiment. We find the threshold absorption to be a result of the off-resonant interaction of the strong field with nearby hyperfine levels.