Cosmological Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer condensate as dark energy

TL;DR

This paper proposes that dark energy can be explained as a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer condensate of fermions formed in the early universe, which evolves to produce late-time cosmic acceleration.

Contribution

It introduces a novel model where dark energy arises from a fermionic condensate within a covariant first-order general relativity framework.

Findings

Dark energy modeled as a fermionic BCS condensate.

Condensate evolution leads to negative pressure and acceleration.

Provides a covariant, fermion-based explanation for late-time acceleration.

Abstract

We argue that the occurrence of late-time acceleration can conveniently be described by first-order general relativity covariantly coupled to fermions. Dark energy arises as a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer condensate of fermions which forms in the early universe. At late times, the gap and chemical potential evolve to have an equation of state with effective negative pressure, thus naturally leading to acceleration.