The Shifted Peak: Resolving Nearly Degenerate Particles at the LHC

TL;DR

The paper introduces a method to determine tiny mass differences between nearly degenerate particles at the LHC by analyzing shifts in invariant-mass peaks, enabling detection despite soft decay products.

Contribution

A novel approach to measure small mass differences between nearly degenerate particles using invariant-mass peak shifts in collider data.

Findings

Method successfully detects V mass differences.

Applicable to supersymmetric models with nearly degenerate sleptons.

Enables indirect detection of soft decay products.

Abstract

We propose a method for determining the mass difference between two particles, \slep_1 and \slep_2, that are nearly degenerate, with \Delta{m}, defined as m_2-m_1, being much less than m_1. This method applies when (a) the \slep_1 momentum can be measured, (b) \slep_2 can only decay to \slep_1, and (c) \slep_1 and \slep_2 can be produced in the decays of a common mother particle. For small \Delta{m}, \slep_2 cannot be reconstructed directly, because its decay products are too soft to be detected. Despite this, we show that the existence of \slep_2 can be established by observing the shift in the mother particle invariant-mass peak, when reconstructed from decays to \slep_2. We show that measuring this shift would allow us to extract \Delta{m}. As an example, we study supersymmetric gauge-gravity hybrid models in which \slep_1 is a meta-stable charged slepton next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle and \slep_2 is the next-to-lightest slepton with \Delta{m} of about 5 GeV.