Asymptotic non-equilibrium steady state operators

TL;DR

This paper introduces a method to calculate asymptotic operators in nonequilibrium steady-state quantum systems by time-averaging in the Heisenberg picture, with comparisons to Green's function approaches.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel approach for deriving asymptotic operators in nonequilibrium quantum systems, offering an alternative to Green's function methods.

Findings

Method successfully computes asymptotic operators in various examples.

Results align with those from Schwinger-Keldysh Green's functions.

Demonstrates utility and potential advantages of the new approach.

Abstract

We present a method for the calculation of asymptotic operators for nonequilibrium steady-state quantum systems. The asymptotic steady-state operator is obtained by averaging the corresponding operator in Heisenberg representation over infinitely long time. Several examples are considered to demonstrate the utility of our method. The results obtained within our approach are compared to those obtained within the Schwinger-Keldysh nonequilibrium Green's functions.