Lump-like Structures in Scalar-field Models

TL;DR

This paper explores lump-like solutions in scalar-field models, demonstrating how parameters influence their features and discussing applications in physics such as q-balls, tachyonic excitations, and Bose-Einstein condensates.

Contribution

It introduces a method to analytically describe lump-like solutions in scalar-field models and shows how parameters can be tuned to control their properties.

Findings

Analytical solutions for lump-like structures are obtained.

Parameters effectively control the features of the solutions.

Applications span multiple areas including cosmology and condensed matter.

Abstract

In this work we investigate the presence of lump-like solutions in models described by a single real scalar field. We take advantage of a procedure recently used to describe explicit analytical solutions and we study several distinct models, showing how the parameters can be used to control the specific features of the lump-like structures. The proposed models are of direct interest to the construction of q-balls, to induce tachyonic excitations and gravitating structures of nontopological profile on braneworld models with a single extra dimension, to map solitons in optical fibers, and to describe collective excitations in Bose-Einstein condensates.