Characterization of large area APDs for the EXO-200 detector
R. Neilson, F. LePort, A. Pocar, K. Kumar, A. Odian, C.Y. Prescott, V., Tenev, N. Ackerman, D. Akimov, M. Auger, C. Benitez-Medina, M. Breidenbach,, A. Burenkov, R. Conley, S. Cook, R. deVoe, M.J. Dolinski, W. Fairbank Jr., J., Farine, P. Fierlinger, B. Flatt, R. Gornea
TL;DR
This paper characterizes large area avalanche photodiodes (LAAPDs) used in the EXO-200 liquid xenon detector, focusing on their noise, gain, and response at cryogenic temperatures, including detailed testing of over 800 units.
Contribution
It provides comprehensive initial measurements and individual characterization of LAAPDs for optimized use in a low-background liquid xenon detector.
Findings
LAAPDs operate effectively at 169K
Dark noise levels are characterized at cryogenic temperatures
Over 800 LAAPDs were individually tested for detector deployment
Abstract
EXO-200 uses 468 large area avalanche photodiodes (LAAPDs) for detection of scintillation light in an ultra-low-background liquid xenon (LXe) detector. We describe initial measurements of dark noise, gain and response to xenon scintillation light of LAAPDs at temperatures from room temperature to 169K - the temperature of liquid xenon. We also describe the individual characterization of more than 800 LAAPDs for selective installation in the EXO-200 detector.
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