MicroTCA implementation of synchronous Ethernet-Based DAQ systems for large scale experiments

TL;DR

This paper presents a scalable, cost-effective DAQ system for large-scale particle detectors using MicroTCA technology, integrating Ethernet-based synchronization and FPGA-based data processing.

Contribution

It introduces a novel DAQ architecture employing MicroTCA and Gigabit Ethernet with IEEE1588 synchronization for large particle physics experiments.

Findings

Successful implementation of a 32-channel AMC board

Effective time synchronization using IEEE1588 standard

Scalable data acquisition system suitable for large detectors

Abstract

Large LAr TPCs are among the most powerful detectors to address open problems in particle and astro-particle physics, such as CP violation in leptonic sector, neutrino properties and their astrophysical implications, proton decay search etc. The scale of such detector implies severe constraints on their readout and DAQ system. In this article we describe a data acquisition scheme for this new generation of large detectors. The main challenge is to propose a scalable and easy to use solution able to manage a large number of channels at the lowest cost. It is interesting to note that these constraints are very similar to those existing in Network Telecommunication Industry. We propose to study how emerging technologies like ATCA and $\mu$TCA could be used in neutrino experiments. We describe the design of an Advanced Mezzanine Board (AMC) including 32 ADC channels. This board receives 32 analogical channels at the front panel and sends the formatted data through the $\mu$TCA backplane using a Gigabit Ethernet link. The gigabit switch of the MCH is used to centralize and to send the data to the event building computer. The core of this card is a FPGA (ARIA-GX from ALTERA) including the whole system except the memories. A hardware accelerator has been implemented using a NIOS II $\mu$P and a Gigabit MAC IP. Obviously, in order to be able to reconstruct the tracks from the events a time synchronisation system is mandatory. We decided to implement the IEEE1588 standard also called Precision Timing Protocol, another emerging and promising technology in Telecommunication Industry. In this article we describe a Gigabit PTP implementation using the recovered clock of the gigabit link. By doing so the drift is directly cancelled and the PTP will be used only to evaluate and to correct the offset.