Enhancement of thermal Casimir-Polder potentials of ground-state polar molecules in a planar cavity

TL;DR

This paper explores how a highly reflective planar cavity can significantly enhance the thermal Casimir-Polder potential experienced by ground-state molecules, potentially enabling molecular guiding applications.

Contribution

It analytically demonstrates the amplification of molecular potentials in a cavity and examines how cavity parameters influence potential depth and molecular lifetime.

Findings

Potential can be boosted up to two orders of magnitude with high reflectivity cavities.

Potential depth decreases with more standing wave nodes.

Molecular ground state lifetime remains several seconds despite cavity effects.

Abstract

We analyze the thermal Casimir-Polder potential experienced by a ground-state molecule in a planar cavity and investigate the prospects for using such a set-up for molecular guiding. The resonant atom-field interaction associated with this non-equilibrium situation manifests itself in oscillating, standing-wave components of the potential. While the respective potential wells are normally too shallow to be useful, they may be amplified by a highly reflecting cavity whose width equals a half-integer multiple of a particular molecular transition frequency. We find that with an ideal choice of molecule and the use of ultra-high reflectivity Bragg mirror cavity, it may be possible to boost the potential by up to two orders of magnitude. We analytically derive the scaling of the potential depth as a function of reflectivity and analyze how it varies with temperature and molecular properties. It is also shown how the potential depth decreases for standing waves with a larger number of nodes. Finally, we investigate the lifetime of the molecular ground state in a thermal environment and find that it is not greatly influenced by the cavity and remains in the order of several seconds.