The Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA Survey: IX. The Leo Region HI Catalog, Group Membership and the HI Mass Function for the Leo I Group

TL;DR

This paper presents an HI source catalog for the Leo I group from the ALFALFA survey, revealing a significant population of low-mass, gas-rich galaxies and providing constraints on the low-mass slope of the HI mass function.

Contribution

It offers a comprehensive HI catalog for the Leo I region with improved sensitivity, and constrains the low-mass slope of the HI mass function, highlighting the prevalence of low-mass, gas-rich galaxies.

Findings

The HI mass function slope for Leo I is approximately -1.41.

ALFALFA detects more low HI mass sources than previous surveys.

A significant population of low surface brightness, gas-rich, low-mass galaxies exists.

Abstract

We present the catalog of HI sources extracted from the ongoing Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA (ALFALFA) extragalactic HI line survey, found within the sky region bounded by 9h36m < RA < 11h36m and +08deg < DEC < +12deg. The HI catalog presented here for this 118-deg^2 region is combined with ones derived from surrounding regions also covered by the ALFALFA survey to examine the large scale structure in the complex Leo region. Because of the combination of wide sky coverage and superior sensitivity, spatial and spectral resolution, the ALFALFA HI catalog of the Leo region improves significantly on the numbers of low HI mass sources as compared with those found in previous HI surveys. The HI mass function of the Leo I group presented here is dominated by low-mass objects: 45 of the 65 Leo I members have M_HI < 10^8 Msun, yielding tight constraints on the low-mass slope of the Leo I HI mass function. The best-fit slope is alpha < -1.41 + 0.2 - 0.1. A direct comparison between the ALFALFA HI line detections and an optical search of the Leo I region proves the advantage of the ALFALFA strategy in finding low mass, gas-rich dwarfs. These results suggest the existence of a significant population of low surface brightness, gas-rich, yet still very low HI mass galaxies, and may reflect the same type of morphological segregation as is seen in the Local Group. While the low mass end slope of the Leo I HI mass function is steeper than that determined for luminosity functions of the group, the slope still falls short of the values predicted by simulations of structure formation in the LCDM paradigm.