Nonequilibrium magnetic and superconducting phases in the two-dimensional Hubbard model coupled to electrodes

TL;DR

This paper develops a theoretical framework to analyze nonequilibrium phase transitions in a 2D Hubbard model coupled to electrodes, revealing how electron correlations influence magnetic and superconducting phases.

Contribution

It introduces a Keldysh-based method combined with fluctuation exchange approximation to study nonequilibrium phases in correlated electron systems.

Findings

Phase diagram shows distinct magnetic and superconducting regions under nonequilibrium conditions.

Electron correlation significantly alters the phase boundaries and distribution functions.

The approach captures general features of nonequilibrium phase behavior in correlated materials.

Abstract

A theory is presented for a nonequilibrium phase transition in the two-dimensional Hubbard model coupled to electrodes. Nonequilibrium magnetic and superconducting phase diagram is determined by the Keldysh method, where the electron correlation is treated in the fluctuation exchange approximation. The nonequilibrium distribution function in the presence of electron correlation is evoked to capture a general feature in the phase diagram.