Neutrinos from the terrestrial passage of supersymmetric dark matter Q-balls

TL;DR

This paper proposes that relic Q-balls, as dark matter candidates, can produce detectable neutrino signals with distinctive directional and temporal patterns, offering a new method for dark matter detection.

Contribution

It introduces the idea that passing Q-balls can generate observable neutrino fluxes with unique signatures, advancing dark matter detection strategies.

Findings

Relic Q-balls can produce a detectable neutrino flux.

Neutrino flux shows a characteristic zenith angle dependence.

Annual modulation of the neutrino flux is predicted.

Abstract

Supersymmetry implies that stable non-topological solitons, Q-balls, could form in the early universe and could make up all or part of dark matter. We show that the relic Q-balls passing through Earth can produce a detectable neutrino flux. The peculiar zenith angle dependence and a small annual modulation of this flux can be used as signatures of dark-matter Q-balls.