Topological Dark Matter in the Little Higgs Models

TL;DR

This paper explores topologically stable solitons in certain little Higgs models that could serve as dark matter candidates, estimating their mass and discussing their potential particle nature.

Contribution

It introduces the existence of stable solitons in SU(N) to SO(N) symmetry breaking models and estimates their mass, linking them to dark matter and neutrino mass mechanisms.

Findings

Solitons with mass around 10.3 TeV in SU(5) -> SO(5) models.

Solitons are neutral and can be fermions or bosons depending on model parameters.

Potential role of solitons as dark matter particles and in neutrino mass generation.

Abstract

We show that certain little Higgs models with symmetry breaking SU(N) -> SO(N) for N >= 4 admit topologically stable solitons that may contribute to cosmological dark matter. We have constructed a spherically symmetric soliton and estimated its mass in the case of SU(5) -> SO(5). Its lower bound is found to be around 10.3 TeV. Whether this particle is a fermion or a boson depends on the value of an integer-valued parameter of the underlying theory, analogous to the number of colors of QCD. In either case, the particle is neutral. If it is a fermion, it is a Majorana particle, which could take part in a seesaw mechanism for neutrino masses.