Lorentz Violation of Quantum Gravity

TL;DR

This paper proposes a quantum gravity model with spontaneous Lorentz symmetry breaking that becomes renormalizable at short distances, unites quantum mechanics and general relativity, and explains early universe thermodynamics.

Contribution

It introduces a Lorentz-violating quantum gravity theory with specific symmetry breaking patterns and a generalized Wheeler-DeWitt equation applicable at Planck scale.

Findings

A renormalizable quantum gravity model with Lorentz violation.

A generalized Schrödinger equation for the universe's wave function.

An explanation for the second law of thermodynamics in early universe.

Abstract

A quantum gravity theory which becomes renormalizable at short distances due to a spontaneous symmetry breaking of Lorentz invariance and diffeomorphism invariance is studied. A breaking of Lorentz invariance with the breaking patterns $SO(3,1)\to O(3)$ and $SO(3,1)\to O(2)$, describing 3+1 and 2+1 quantum gravity, respectively, is proposed. A complex time dependent Schr\"odinger equation (generalized Wheeler-DeWitt equation) for the wave function of the universe exists in the spontaneously broken symmetry phase at Planck energy and in the early universe, uniting quantum mechanics and general relativity. An explanation of the second law of thermodynamics and the spontaneous creation of matter in the early universe can be obtained in the symmetry broken phase of gravity.