Vacuum polarization by a scalar field in de Sitter spacetime in the presence of global monopole

TL;DR

This paper investigates how a global monopole influences vacuum polarization effects of massive scalar fields in higher-dimensional de Sitter space, providing explicit formulas for the Wightman function considering monopole parameters.

Contribution

It derives the Wightman function in de Sitter space with a global monopole, highlighting the monopole's impact on vacuum polarization in higher dimensions.

Findings

Wightman function expressed as sum of monopole-free and monopole-induced parts

Explicit dependence of the function on monopole and cosmological parameters

Analysis relevant for realistic monopole parameters close to unity

Abstract

In this paper we analyse the vacuum polarization effects associated with massive scalar quantum fields in a higher-dimensional de Sitter space in the presence of a global monopole. Because this analysis has been developed in a pure de Sitter space, here we are mainly interested on the effects induced by the presence of the global monopole. So, in order to achieve this objective we calculate the corresponding Wightman function, which is expressed in an integral representation and explicitly depends on the parameters associated with the presence of the monopole and the cosmological constant. Admitting that the former is closed to the unity, which corresponds to a realistic value predicted by Grand Unified Theories, it is possible to express this function as the sum of two terms: the first one corresponds to the Wightman function on the bulk where the global monopole is absent, and the second one is a contribution induced by the presence of the monopole.