Infinite-dimensional Hamilton-Jacobi theory and $L$-integrability

TL;DR

This paper develops an infinite-dimensional Hamilton-Jacobi theory and introduces the concept of L-integrability, demonstrating that certain PDEs like the string vibration and KdV equations are L-integrable.

Contribution

It extends Liouville integrability to infinite dimensions by establishing a new Hamilton-Jacobi framework and defining L-integrability, with applications to specific PDEs.

Findings

Proved an infinite dimensional Liouville theorem.

Defined L-integrability as a new integrability criterion.

Showed string vibration and KdV equations are L-integrable.

Abstract

The classical Liouvile integrability means that there exist $n$ independent first integrals in involution for $2n$-dimensional phase space. However, in the infinite-dimensional case, an infinite number of independent first integrals in involution don't indicate that the system is solvable. How many first integrals do we need in order to make the system solvable? To answer the question, we obtain an infinite dimensional Hamilton-Jacobi theory, and prove an infinite dimensional Liouville theorem. Based on the theorem, we give a modified definition of the Liouville integrability in infinite dimension. We call it the $L$-integrability. As examples, we prove that the string vibration equation and the KdV equation are $L$-integrable. In general, we show that an infinite number of integrals is complete if all action variables of a Hamilton system can reconstructed by the set of first integrals.