Thermo-charged capacitors and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

TL;DR

This paper proposes a vacuum spherical capacitor that can generate voltage from a single thermal reservoir at room temperature, challenging traditional interpretations of the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

Contribution

It introduces a novel design of a thermo-charged capacitor using different work functions, with a detailed physical and mathematical analysis.

Findings

Capacitor generates voltage from a single heat source at room temperature.

The design challenges conventional understanding of thermodynamic laws.

Mathematical analysis supports the physical feasibility of the process.

Abstract

In this Letter we describe a vacuum spherical capacitor that generates a macroscopic voltage between its spheres harnessing the heat from a single thermal reservoir at room temperature. The basic idea is trivial and it makes use of two concentric spherical electrodes with different work functions. We provide a mathematical analysis of the underlying physical process and discuss its connections with the Second Law of Thermodynamics.