1D Schr\"odinger operator with periodic plus compactly supported potentials

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the spectral properties of a 1D Schrödinger operator with a periodic potential plus a compactly supported perturbation, detailing resonance distribution, eigenvalue asymptotics, and the influence of potential parameters.

Contribution

It provides new results on the distribution of resonances, eigenvalues, and antibound states for the operator, including asymptotics and conditions for their existence in spectral gaps.

Findings

Resonance distribution in large disks is characterized.

Forbidden domains for resonances are identified.

Asymptotics of eigenvalues and antibound states are established.

Abstract

We consider the 1D Schr\"odinger operator $Hy=-y''+(p+q)y$ with a periodic potential $p$ plus compactly supported potential $q$ on the real line. The spectrum of $H$ consists of an absolutely continuous part plus a finite number of simple eigenvalues in each spectral gap $\g_n\ne \es, n\geq 0$, where $\g_0$ is unbounded gap. We prove the following results: 1) we determine the distribution of resonances in the disk with large radius, 2) a forbidden domain for the resonances is specified, 3) the asymptotics of eigenvalues and antibound states are determined, 4) if $q_0=\int_\R qdx=0$, then roughly speaking in each nondegenerate gap $\g_n$ for $n$ large enough there are two eigenvalues and zero antibound state or zero eigenvalues and two antibound states, 5) if $H$ has infinitely many gaps in the continuous spectrum, then for any sequence $\s=(\s)_1^\iy, \s_n\in \{0,2\}$, there exists a compactly supported potential $q$ such that $H$ has $\s_n$ bound states and $2-\s_n$ antibound states in each gap $\g_n$ for $n$ large enough. 6) For any $q$ (with $q_0=0$), $\s=(\s_n)_{1}^\iy$, where $\s_n\in \{0,2\}$ and for any sequence $\d=(\d_n)_1^\iy\in \ell^2, \d_n>0$ there exists a potential $p\in L^2(0,1)$ such that each gap length $|\g_n|=\d_n, n\ge 1$ and $H$ has exactly $\s_n$ eigenvalues and $2-\s_n$ antibound states in each gap $\g_n\ne \es$ for $n$ large enough.