Unified description of pairing, trionic and quarteting states for one-dimensional SU(4) attractive fermions

TL;DR

This paper provides an exact, unified analysis of pairing, trionic, and quarteting states in one-dimensional SU(4) attractive fermions, revealing phase transitions, ground state properties, and magnetization phenomena.

Contribution

It offers the first comprehensive exact results for phase diagrams, ground state energies, and critical behaviors of SU(4) fermions with various isospin values under external fields.

Findings

Identification of quantum phase transitions between different fermionic states.

Exact phase diagrams and ground state energies for various isospin cases.

Observation of magnetization plateaux at specific fractions of saturation magnetization.

Abstract

Paired states, trions and quarteting states in one-dimensional SU(4) attractive fermions are investigated via exact Bethe ansatz calculations. In particular, quantum phase transitions are identified and calculated from the quarteting phase into normal Fermi liquid, trionic states and spin-2 paired states which belong to the universality class of linear field-dependent magnetization in the vicinity of critical points. Moreover, unified exact results for the ground state energy, chemical potentials and complete phase diagrams for isospin $S=1/2, 1, 3/2$ attractive fermions with external fields are presented. Also identified are the magnetization plateaux of $m^z=M_s/3$ and $m^z=2M_s/3$, where $M_s$ is the magnetization saturation value. The universality of finite-size corrections and collective dispersion relations provides a further test ground for low energy effective field theory.