Fluctuating nanomechanical systems in a high finesse optical microcavity

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates how a nanorod's vibrational fluctuations influence the optical transmission in a high finesse cavity, marking progress in optomechanical control and sensing of nanoscale systems.

Contribution

It presents the first experimental observation of vibrational effects of a nanorod within a high finesse optical cavity, advancing cavity optomechanics at the nanoscale.

Findings

Optical transmission is affected by nanorod vibrations.

Vibrational dynamics are directly detected via optical transmission.

Light back-action may suppress nanorod Brownian motion.

Abstract

Confining a laser field between two high reflectivity mirrors of a high-finesse cavity can increase the probability of a given cavity photon to be scattered by an atom traversing the confined photon mode. This enhanced coupling between light and atoms is successfully employed in cavity quantum electrodynamics experiments and led to a very prolific research in quantum optics. The idea of extending such experiments to sub-wavelength sized nanomechanical systems has been recently proposed in the context of optical cavity cooling. Here we present an experiment involving a single nanorod consisting of about 10^9 atoms precisely positioned to plunge into the confined mode of a miniature high finesse Fabry-Perot cavity. We show that the optical transmission of the cavity is affected not only by the static position of the nanorod but also by its vibrational fluctuation. While an imprint of the vibration dynamics is directly detected in the optical transmission, back-action of the light field is also anticipated to quench the nanorod Brownian motion. This experiment shows the first step towards optical cavity controlled dynamics of mechanical nanostructures and opens up new perspectives for sensing and manipulation of optomechanical nanosystems.