Morphogen Profiles Can Be Optimised to Buffer Against Noise

TL;DR

This paper investigates how different morphogen profile shapes can be optimized to enhance positional accuracy in embryonic development despite biological noise, revealing that both shape and parameters are crucial for robustness.

Contribution

It compares linear, exponential, and algebraic morphogen profiles to identify optimal configurations for noise robustness, a novel analysis in morphogen profile design.

Findings

Exponential and algebraic profiles can be optimized for higher precision.

Both kinetic parameters and profile shape influence robustness.

Optimized profiles improve positional information accuracy.

Abstract

Morphogen profiles play a vital role in biology by specifying position in embryonic development. However, the factors that influence the shape of a morphogen profile remain poorly understood. Since morphogens should provide precise positional information, one significant factor is the robustness of the profile to noise. We compare three classes of morphogen profiles (linear, exponential, algebraic) to see which is most precise when subject to both external embryo-to-embryo fluctuations and internal fluctuations due to intrinsically random processes such as diffusion. We find that both the kinetic parameters and the overall gradient shape (e.g. exponential versus algebraic) can be optimised to generate maximally precise positional information.