Dark energy as a spatial continuity condition

TL;DR

This paper proposes that dark energy arises from the requirement of spatial continuity in a compact universe, linking the universe's topology to its observed acceleration and flatness.

Contribution

It introduces a novel explanation for dark energy based on spatial topology and continuity, suggesting dark energy results from the universe's global geometric properties.

Findings

Dark energy can be explained as a consequence of spatial continuity.

A compact, flat universe stabilizes the total density parameter at unity.

Dark energy is identified as a geometrical effect related to topology.

Abstract

Observational evidence of dark energy that makes the Universe nearly flat at the present epoch is very strong. We study the link between spatial continuity and dark energy. We assume that comoving space is a compact 3-manifold of constant curvature, described by a homogeneous Friedman-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker metric. We assume that spatial continuity cannot be violated, i.e. that the global topology of the comoving section of the Universe cannot change during post-quantum epochs. We find that if the Universe was flat and compact during early epochs, then the presently low values of the radiation and matter densities imply that dark energy was created as a spatial continuity effect. Moreover, if the Universe is compact, then Omega_tot=1 is dynamically stable, where Omega_tot is the total density parameter in units of the critical density. Dark energy was observationally detected as a geometrical phenomenon. It is difficult to imagine a simpler explanation for dark energy than spatial continuity, finiteness and homogeneity.