Nonequilibrium Microscopic Distribution of Thermal Current in Particle Systems
Satoshi Yukawa, Takashi Shimada, Fumiko Ogushi, Nobuyasu Ito
TL;DR
This paper investigates the microscopic distribution of thermal current in particle systems under nonequilibrium steady states, revealing directional temperature differences related to macroscopic temperature gradients.
Contribution
It introduces a direct numerical simulation approach to analyze the nonequilibrium distribution of microscopic thermal current and identifies temperature anisotropy dependent on the heat flux direction.
Findings
Parallel temperature exceeds antiparallel temperature.
Temperature difference is proportional to the macroscopic temperature gradient.
Distribution function depends on current direction.
Abstract
A nonequilibrium distribution function of microscopic thermal current is studied by a direct numerical simulation in a thermal conducting steady state of particle systems. Two characteristic temperatures of the thermal current are investigated on the basis of the distribution. It is confirmed that the temperature depends on the current direction; Parallel temperature to the heat-flux is higher than antiparallel one. The difference between the parallel temperature and the antiparallel one is proportional to a macroscopic temperature gradient.
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