Science-Operational Metrics and Issues for the "Are We Alone?" Movement

TL;DR

This paper emphasizes the importance of science-operational metrics in the 'Are We Alone?' movement, highlighting their role in optimizing telescope observations and assessing the completeness of searches for extraterrestrial life.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of science-operational metrics for evaluating and improving the effectiveness of exoplanet search strategies in the AWA initiative.

Findings

Science-operational metrics can compare different search methods.

Metrics help estimate the completeness of planet detection and characterization.

Operational focus can influence the success of the AWA program.

Abstract

A movement is underway to test the uniqueness of Earth. Sponsored primarily by NASA, it is enlisting talented researchers from many disciplines. It is conceiving new telescopes to discover and characterize other worlds like Earth around nearby stars and to obtain their spectra. The goal is to search for signs of biological activity and perhaps find other cradles of life. Most effort thus far has focused on the optics to make such observations feasible. Relatively little attention has been paid to science operations--the link between instrument and science. Because of the special challenges presented by extrasolar planets, science-operational issues may be limiting factors for the "Are We Alone?" (AWA) movement. Science-operational metrics can help compare the merits of direct and astrometric planet searches, and estimate the concatenated completeness of searching followed by spectroscopy. This completeness is the prime science metric of the AWA program. Therefore, the goals of this white paper are to present representative calculations involving science-operational metrics, and to promote a science-operational perspective. We urge the Survey Committee to allow this perspective and such metrics to inform its plan for the future of AWA.