Intermediate mass scales in the non-supersymmetric SO(10) grand unification: a reappraisal

TL;DR

This paper re-evaluates the constraints on intermediate mass scales in non-supersymmetric SO(10) grand unification, incorporating advanced gauge mixing effects and updated data to assess various breaking patterns.

Contribution

It systematically includes U(1) gauge mixing at higher loops and reassesses beta-coefficients, providing a more accurate analysis of SO(10) breaking patterns with multiple intermediate scales.

Findings

Inclusion of U(1) gauge mixing alters unification constraints.

Updated beta-coefficients refine intermediate scale predictions.

Analysis of models with up to two intermediate scales enhances understanding of SO(10) unification.

Abstract

The constraints of gauge unification on intermediate mass scales in non-supersymmetric SO(10) scenarios are systematically discussed. With respect to the existing reference studies we include the U(1) gauge mixing renormalization at the one- and two-loop level, and reassess the two-loop beta-coefficients. We evaluate the effects of additional Higgs multiplets required at intermediate stages by a realistic mass spectrum, and update the discussion to the present day data. On the basis of the obtained results, SO(10) breaking patterns with up to two intermediate mass scales are discussed for potential relevance and model predictivity.