Instability of Black Hole Horizon With Respect to Electromagnetic Excitations

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that electromagnetic excitations cause the black hole horizon to become unstable and develop microholes, challenging the notion of a stable event horizon and implications for information loss.

Contribution

It reveals that exact electromagnetic solutions on Kerr backgrounds induce horizon microholes, unlike smooth perturbative solutions, affecting black hole stability and information paradox.

Findings

Electromagnetic excitations create singular beams that break the horizon.

Weak vacuum fluctuations can cause topological instability of the horizon.

Horizon microholes allow radiation to escape, impacting information loss.

Abstract

Analyzing exact solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations in the Kerr-Schild formalism we show that black hole horizon is instable with respect to electromagnetic excitations. Contrary to perturbative smooth harmonic solutions, the exact solutions for electromagnetic excitations on the Kerr background are accompanied by singular beams which have very strong back reaction to metric and break the horizon, forming the holes which allow radiation to escape interior of black-hole. As a result, even the weak vacuum fluctuations break the horizon topologically, covering it by a set of fluctuating microholes. We conclude with a series of nontrivial consequences, one of which is that there is no information loss inside of black-hole.