Observation of high-order polarization-locked vector solitons in a fiber laser

TL;DR

This paper reports the experimental discovery of high-order polarization-locked vector solitons in a fiber laser, revealing complex phase-locked structures with double-humped profiles and harmonic mode-locking, supported by numerical simulations.

Contribution

It introduces a new type of high-order polarization-locked vector solitons in fiber lasers, combining experimental observation with numerical validation.

Findings

Observation of polarization-locked vector solitons with double-humped profiles

Multiple high-order vector solitons with harmonic mode-locking

Numerical confirmation of stable high-order vector solitons

Abstract

We report on the experimental observation of a novel type of polarization locked vector soliton in a passively mode-locked fiber laser. The vector soliton is characterized by that not only the two orthogonally polarized soliton components are phase locked, but also one of the components has a double-humped intensity profile. Multiple such phase-locked high order vector solitons with identical soliton parameters and harmonic mode-locking of the vector solitons were also obtained in the laser. Numerical simulations confirmed the existence of stable high-order vector solitons in fiber lasers.