Testing of MOND with Local Group Timing

TL;DR

This paper uses the timing of the Local Group to evaluate MOND, finding that MOND predicts masses lower than observed baryonic content in key galaxies.

Contribution

It provides a novel test of MOND using Local Group timing, challenging its ability to account for observed galaxy masses.

Findings

MOND predicts masses below observed baryonic content.

Local Group timing constrains MOND's validity.

Results question MOND's applicability to galaxy dynamics.

Abstract

The timing of the Local Group is used to test Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND). The result shows that the masses predicted by MOND are well below the baryonic contents of the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies.