A new mechanism for generating broadband pulsar-like polarization

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel mechanism for generating broadband pulsar-like polarization through superluminal sources, revealing distinctive beam structures, polarization modes, and spectral features that align with observations of pulsars like the Crab.

Contribution

It presents a new superluminal emission mechanism explaining pulsar polarization and spectral properties, expanding understanding beyond traditional models.

Findings

Subbeams narrower with distance, decaying as 1/R

Three polarization modes including a swinging third mode

Broad spectrum with algebraic oscillations and increased polarization at high frequencies

Abstract

Observational data imply the presence of superluminal electric currents in pulsar magnetospheres. Such sources are not inconsistent with special relativity; they have already been created in the laboratory. Here we describe the distinctive features of the radiation beam that is generated by a rotating superluminal source and show that (i) it consists of subbeams that are narrower the farther the observer is from the source: subbeams whose intensities decay as 1/R instead of 1/R^2 with distance (R), (ii) the fields of its subbeams are characterized by three concurrent polarization modes: two modes that are 'orthogonal' and a third mode whose position angle swings across the subbeam bridging those of the other two, (iii) its overall beam consists of an incoherent superposition of such coherent subbeams and has an intensity profile that reflects the azimuthal distribution of the contributing part of the source (the part of the source that approaches the observer with the speed of light and zero acceleration), (iv) its spectrum (the superluminal counterpart of synchrotron spectrum) is broader than that of any other known emission and entails oscillations whose spacings and amplitudes respectively increase and decrease algebraically with increasing frequency, and (v) the degree of its mean polarization and the fraction of its linear polarization both increase with frequency beyond the frequency for which the observer falls within the Fresnel zone. We also compare these features with those of the radiation received from the Crab pulsar.