Dirac Fermions in Graphite: the State of Art

TL;DR

This paper reviews recent experimental evidence of Dirac Fermions in graphite, highlighting their 2D nature and similarities with graphene, and discusses how they influence graphite's electronic properties.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of recent experimental findings on Dirac Fermions in graphite and compares them with those in graphene.

Findings

Dirac Fermions exist in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite.

These carriers exhibit 2D characteristics similar to graphene.

Dirac Fermions significantly influence graphite's electronic behavior.

Abstract

Macroscopic concentration of massless charge carriers with linear conic spectrum - Dirac Fermions (DF) - was shown in 2004 to exist in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and governs its electronic properties. These carriers can have the same nature as DF observed in graphite monolayer(graphene) and let to view HOPG as superposition of 2D carbon layers, almost independent electronically. We overview here the recent experimental evidences of 2D DF in graphite and their similarity with carriers in graphene.